Fuel injection pump



J y 9, 1940- R. L'ORANGE FUEL INJECTION PUMP Filed July 15, 1938 Fig.1.

lnvegsg v Patented July 9, 1940 y l I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I FUEL INJECTION PUMP Rudolf LOrange, Stuttgart-Feuerbach, Germany Application July 13, 1938, Serial No. 219,049 In Germany February 6, 1936 8 Claims. (01. 103-154) This invention is for improvements in or relatsides of which flats can be formed which not only ing to fuel injection pumps for internal co'mensure compactness but at the same time provide bustion engines, and the main object of the in,- very simple means whereby the tappets can be vention is to provide an improved, ellicient and prevented from rotating in their guides. Usually compact construction of such fuel pumps. it is necessary to provide pins and slots to achieve Usually the bodies of fuel injection pumps are the same object which require rather complicated constructed integrally with the cam casing in ormilling. der to save space and material. When such A modified form. of pump may be obtained by pumps are made on an extremely small scale, it the radius of the sides of the tappets being in- 10 is difl'icult to produce suitable cores for the casing. creased, for example to infinity, so that the point 10 Preferably the pump body according to the from which the radius of a tappet is struck is present invention comprises a cylinder block, tapnot the centre of the tappet and in the limiting pet casing, and shaft casing made integrally from' case the cross sectional shape of the tappet bea single block, and in which all the spaces within comes rectangular.

the body, for example those .which form the hous- The invention is more particularly described 16 ing for thecam shaft, the tappet guides, the pump with reference to the accompanying drawings, in

.cylinders, fuel conduits and the like are formed which:

by machining the integral block, and preferably Figure 1 illustrates a sectional elevation of a by being bored from a solid block. However, alpump constructed in accordance with the present 20 though the said spaces may be formed by being invention, the pump illustrated being of the six- 20 bored out of a solid block, ,their preliminary forcylinder type constructed upon the unidirectional mation may be effected by fitting simple cores, flow principle.

normally of circular cross-section, in a casting. Figure 2 illustrates in side elevation the pump In order to ellect the final formation of the spaces llustrated in Figure with a portion of the cam all the inner walls of the casting are then macasing cut away. 25 chlned or bored out so that nothing remains of Figure 3 is a CI SS Sec p View taken on the skin or shell of the casting, which usually the line 3-3 of Figure 1, and contains sand. The thicknesses of the various Figure 4 is a similar view to Figur but taken walls are not, in any way limited in the same Way the line 0f Figure as they are owing to difficulties which arise in The invention is illustrated as applied to a 30 casting, and may be made as thin as possible comp p av a l! P1815011 control and in Which mensurate with the strength of the body not beth yl nd rs ar a s lut ly r l in t e pu p ing brought below permissible limits. body, but it will be appreciated that it can be ap- Furthermore, when pump bodies are produced plied to a pump inv which the control is effected by from the solid they may be cut from bars which increasing and decreasing the length of the tap- 35 have been drawn, cast or pressed to a definite pet, in which C s also the p p could be built profile and thereafter bored, so that the external with the cylinders abs l y centralform of the bodies is also very simply and accu- Referring to the draw t e P p fl y A is rately produced. made from a single piece of metal into which the 40 According to one feature of the present infollowing bores have been made: 40 ventlon, the tappet guide surfaces are arranged (a) A bore I arran to house a a S a t 0 to merge one into another to form a continuous a d fo a bearing longitudinally extending tappet chamber. Thus, (b) Six bores 2 shaped to f m the guides for the tappet guides may be bored to a dia t r tappetsQin a manner hereinafter set forth. which is greater than the distance between the (0) Six bo s 3 l w the o es 2 haped 45 tappet centres so as to obtain, inter alia, a pump and arranged to receive liners R for the pistons. body of greater compactness and simplicity than (d) Two correspond ongitudinal bores 4 so hitherto. arranged that one constitutes the feed and the The dimensions of known pump bodies may, by other the return conduit for fuel. this feature of the invention, be considerably re- (2) Two symmetrically arranged bores 5, the 50 duced, for example by about 30% which results right hand one of which is arranged to house and in a corresponding considerable reduction in the form the guide for a regulating rack S, whilst the length of the entire pump. other forms a means whereby access to regulating In forming the tappet guides in the manner intoothed rings T may be readily obtained for addicated above, tappets can be employed upon the justment purposes.

(1) Five transverse bores 6, one formed between each pair of bores 3 in such a manner that the material between adjacent bores 3 is removed to provide access to the toothed rings T. v

The toothed rings T are formed as split rings by being split at V and are sprung upon a sleeve U so as to constitute a solid drive therewith. In such a construction the mounting means for each toothed ring does not extend beyond the pitch circle thereof. Such a construction is necessary with the tappet and tappet guide structure according to the invention, since the pump cylinders are very close to one another.

When it is desired to adjust the position of a ring T upon a sleeve U, the ring is sprung open, (for example by inserting a screwdriver into the slit V), and the ring is thereupon turned upon the sleeve U. When the position of the ring is adjusted, the screwdriver is withdrawn from the split V whereupon the ring T snaps back upon the sleeve U, thereby re-establishing the rigid connection between the ring T and the sleeve U.

By this simple form of adjustment, the space required for a toothed ring T is reduced to a minimum.

It will be observed from the section illustrated in Figure 4 that the guides which house the tappets Q are formed in side by side relationship by boring holes such that the distance d between the centres of the individual tappets is less than the diameter d of a single bore made to form a tappet guide. Such a construction permits tappets-Q to be employed which have fiat faces Q arranged so that the adjacent faces of neighboring tappets engage with one another and prevent the tappets rotating in their respective guides.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a multi-cylinder fuel injection pump, a body comprising a'one-piece block having a plurality of uniformly closely spaced parallel bores for the cylinders, a plurality of bores constituting tappet guides coaxial with the said cylinder bores and each of greater diameter than the distance between the centres of adjacent cylinder bores, and a bore constituting a casing for a driving shaft extending longitudinally of the block and transversely of the tappet guide bores and communicating therewith, and tappets fitting said guide bores, each tappet having two oppositely disposed fiat faces and the tappets being slidably arranged one in each tappet guide with the flat faces of adjacent tappets in contact. i

2. In a multi-cylinder fuel injection pump, a body comprising a one-piece block having a plurality of uniformly closely spaced parallel bores for the cylinders, liners in said bores. a plurality of bores constituting tappet guides coaxial with the said cylinder bores and each of greater diameter than the distance between the centres of adjacent cylinder bores, and a bore constituting a casing for a driving shaft extending longitudinally of the block and transversely of the tappet guide bores and communicating therewith, tappets fitting said guide bores, each tappet having two oppositely disposed flat faces and the tappets being slidably arranged one in each tappet guide with the flat faces of adjacent tappets in contact, sleeves mounted oneon each of the liners constituting the cylinders containing the pistons of the pump, regulating means whereby rotation of said sleeves causes the regulation of the output of the cylinders, separate toothed rings, means for mounting the said toothed rings one upon each sleeve, the said mounting means not extending beyond the pitch circle of each toothed ring, and a rack co-operating with the toothed rings for the regulation of the output of all of the cylinders of the pump.

3. In a multi-cylinder fuel'injection pump, a body comprising a one-piece block having a plurality of uniformly closely spaced parallel bores for the cylinders, liners in said bores, a plurality of bores constituting tappet guides coaxial with the said cylinder-bores and each of greater diameter than the distance between the centres of adjacent cylinder bores, and a bore constituting a casing for a driving shaft extending longitudinally of the block and transversely of the tappet guide bores and communicating therewith, tappets fitting said guides bores, each tappet having two oppositely disposed fiat faces and the tappets being slidably arranged one in each tappet guide with the flat faces of adjacent tappets in contact, sleeves mounted one on each of the liners constituting the cylinders containing the pistons of the pump, regulating means whereby rotation of said sleeves causes the regulation of the output of the cylinders, toothed rings mounted one upon each sleeve, the said toothed rings being split and sprung upon their sleeves, and a rack cooperating with the toothed rings for the regulation of the output of all of the cylinders of the p mp.

4. In a multi-cylinder fuel injection pump, a body comprising a one-piece block having a row of uniformly closely spaced parallel bores for the cylinders, a pair of bores extending symmetrically one on one side and the other on the other side along the row of cylinder bores and intersecting the surfaces thereof, a plurality of bores each of which extends transversely between an adjacent pair of cylinder bores and intersects the surfaces thereof at the level of the said pair of bores extending along the row of cylinder bores, a plurality of bores constituting tappet guides coaxial with the said cylinder bores and each of greater diameter than the distance between the 'centres of adjacent cylinder bores, and a bore constituting a casing for a driving shaft extending longitudinally of the block and transversely of the tappet guide bores'and communicating therewith, tappets fitting said guide bores, each having two oppositely disposed flat faces, slidably arranged in the said tappet guides with the flat faces of adjacent tappets in contact. liners constituting cylinders mounted one in each cylinder bore, pistons mounted one in each cylinder and arranged to be actuated by a tappet corresponding thereto and to be rotated about the axis of the. cylinder to regulate the output thereof. sleeves mounted one on a portion of the outer surface of each liner and arranged to rotate the piston in the said liner, toothed rings mounted one upon each sleeve, the said toothed rings being split and sprung upon their sleeves and being adjustable relatively thereto, and a rack co-operating with the toothed rings for the regulation of the output of all of the cylinders of the pump, the said toothed rings and the rack being disposed in the spaces constituted by the said transverse bores and the said pair of bores extending along the row of cylinder bores.

5. In a multi-cylinder fuel injection pump, a body comprising a one-piece symmetrically formed block having a plurality of uniformly closely spaced parallel bores for the cylinders,

der bores and each of greater diameter than the distance between the centres of adjacent cylinder bores, and a bore constituting a casing for a driving shaft extending longitudinally of the block and transversely of the tappet guide bores and communicating therewith, tappets fitting said guide bores, each having two oppositely disposed fiat faces, the tappets being slidably arranged one in each tappet guide with the flat faces of adjacent tappets inv contact and the bores for the cylinders, tappets and driving shaft being symmetrical about the median plane of the block.

6. In a multi-cylinder fuel injection pump, a body comprising a one-piece symmetrically formed block having a plurality of uniformly closely spaced parallel bores for the cylinders,

with the said cylinder bores and each of greater diameter than the distance between the centres of adjacent cylinder bores, and a bore constituting a casing for a driving shaft extending longitudinally of the block and transversely of the tappet guide bores and communicating therewith, tappets fitting said guide bores, each tappet having two oppositely disposed flat faces, the tappets being slidably arranged one in each tappet guide with the flat faces of adjacent tappets in contact and the bores for the cylinders, tappets and driving shaft being symmetrical about the median plane of the'block, sleeves mounted one on each of the liners, regulating means whereby rotation of said sleeves causes the regulation of the output of the cylinders, separate toothed rings, means for mounting the said toothed rings one upon each sleeve, the said mounting means not extending beyond the pitch circle of each toothed ring, and a rack co-operati'ng with the toothed rings for the regulation of the output of all of the cylinders of the pump.

7. In a multi-cylinder fuel injection pump, a body comprising a one-piece symmetrically formed block having a plurality of uniformly closely spaced parallel bores for the cylinders,-

liners constituting cylinders mounted in said bores, a plurality of bores constituting tappet guides coaxial with the said cylinder bores and each of greater diameter than the distance between the centres of adjacent cylinder bores, and

a. bore constituting a casing for a driving shaft.

extending longitudinally of the block and transversely of the tappet guide bores and communicating therewith, tappets fitting said guide bores,-

each tappet having two oppositely disposed flat faces, the tappets being slidably arranged one in each tappet guide with the flat faces of adjacent tappets in contact and the bores for the cylinders, tappets and driving shaft being symmetrical about the median plane of the block, sleeves mounted one on each of the liners, regulating means whereby rotation of said sleeves causes the regulation ,of the output of the cylinders, toothed rings mounted one upon each sleeve, the said toothed rings being split and'sprung upon their sleeves, and a rack co-operating with the toothed rings for the regulation of the output of all of the cylinders of the pump.

8. In a multi-cylinder fuel injection pump, a body comprising a' one-piece symmetrically formed block having a row of uniformly closely spaced parallel bores for the cylinders, a pair of bores extending symmetrically one on one side and the other on the other side along the row of cylinder bores and intersecting the surfaces thereof, a plurality of bores each of which extends transversely between an adjacent pair of cylinder bores and intersects the surfaces thereof at the level of the said pair of bores extending along the row of cylinder bores, a plurality of bores constituting tappet guides coaxial with the said cylinder bores and each of greater diameter than the distance between the centres of adjacent cylinder bores, and a bore constituting a casing for a driving shaft extending longitudinally of the block and transversely of the tappet guide bores and communicating therewith, the bores for the cylinders, tappets and driving shaft being symmetrical about the median plane of the block, tappets fitting said guide bores, each having two oppositely disposed flat faces, slidably arranged in the said tappet guides with the fiat faces of adjacent tappets in contact, liners constituting cylinders mounted one in each cylinder bore, pistonsmounted one in each cylinder and arranged to be actuated by a tappet corresponding thereto and to be rotated about the axis of the cylinder to regulate the output thereof, sleeves mounted one on a portion of the outer surface of each liner and arranged to rotate the piston in the said liner, toothed rings mounted one upon each sleeve, the said toothed rings being split and sprung upon their sleeves and being adjustable relatively thereto and a rack co-operating with the toothed rings for the regulation of the output of all of the cylinders of the pump. the said toothed rings and the rack being disposed in the spaces constituted by the said transverse bores and the said pair of bores extending along the row of cylinder bores.

RUDOLF L'ORANGE. 

